On May 21, 1881, Clara Barton officially founded and became the first president of the American Red Cross. Barton's life was extraordinary. She was a teacher, nurse, humanitarian, author and was involved in women's suffrage and civil rights. Her work leading up to the Red Cross involved working behind the lines of the Civil War, and then once the Red Cross was established, she worked during the Spanish-American War, in Istanbul, Beijing, Armenia, Cuba and in the aftermath of the 1900 hurricane in Galveston. Barton, born on Christmas Day in 1821, died in 1912 at age 90.
More information:
- Harvard's Open Collections, including access to publications written by Barton.
- National Park Service, including a virtual museum exhibit.
- Women in History: Clara Barton
- Wikisource has an Encyclopedia Britannica entry on Barton from 1911

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